GPON Triple Play and SDH Connectivity Structure with Cost Analysis

June 3, 2016 | Author: May Booker | Category: N/A
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1 GPON Triple Play and SDH Connectivity Structure with Cost Analysis Md. Hayder Ali Institute of Information and Communi...

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GPON Triple Play and SDH Connectivity Structure with Cost Analysis Md. Hayder Ali

Md. Saiful Islam

Institute of Information and Communication Technology (IICT) Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) [email protected]

Institute of Information and Communication Technology (IICT) Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) [email protected]

Abstract— The rapid growth of bandwidth requirements for services like IP television and video on demand over Internet together with high speed Internet access have demand for very high bandwidth to customers as well as the changing role of enterprise networking are causing disruptive change in the enterprise local area networks. The most suitable solution for satisfying the high bandwidth demand with a long reach is using optical cable to customers through gigabit passive optical network (GPON) technology. In the last one decade many research work has been carried out on network architecture, transmission mechanisms, power budget, bandwidth allocation and scalability of GPON technology. But to tape the full potential of GPON and extends its last mile limit, there is no detail analysis regarding the convergence of synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) connectivity as well as which particular wavelength should be optimum for transmission. In this paper a new enhanced GPON architecture is proposed incorporating SDH transmission at optimum wavelength.

Keywords -FTTH (Fiber to the Home), LDP (Local Distribution Point), Optical Network Terminal (ONT), ODN (Optical Distribution Network), OLT Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (Optical Line Terminal), BDB (Building Distribution Box), EDFA(Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers), SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy).

I. INTRODUCTION Data growth in telecom market has reduced the prominence of traditional wire line broadband technologies such as digital subscriber line and cable modem. These technologies are not efficient enough to meet the customers’ demand for highbandwidth applications such as high speed internet access, video-on-demand, high definition TV, IPTV and online gaming. In this scenario, fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) by GPON technology, which offers advantages like high bandwidth capacity and the delivery of high speed, high quality and multi-play services (data, voice and video) through a single channel, presents a strong business opportunity for telecom operators. Full Service Support, including voice (TDM), Ethernet, ATM, leased lines, and others. Strong Operations, Administration, Maintenance, and Provisioning (OAM&P) capabilities offering end-to-end service management. The GPON technology was developed to provide high speed Ethernet services for residential and small business customers. It increases the access layer bandwidth and builds a sustainable-development access layer network. OAN (Optical Access Network) adopts technologies: active point-to-point

Figure 1: Open Access Network Structure ( FTTx)

(P2P) Ethernet and passive optical network (PON). There are many common subsets of FTTx like- FTTN (fiber to the node or fiber to the neighbourhood), FTTC (fiber to the curb or fiber to the cabinet), FTTP (fiber to the premises), FTTB (fiber to the building or fiber to the basement), FTTH (fiber to the home) etc. The above figure shows that if Splitted fiber directly goes to client ode/Premises/ Home then client will enjoy the device dedicatedly and if splitted fiber goes to Building’s basement then from ONU/ONT client will enjoy their connectivity by short UTP cable. The rest of this paper is organized as follows. The background studies is introduced in Section 2. In Section 3, the cost calculation is compared between Ethernet connectivity and GPON. In Section 4, modified triple play architecture is briefed. Simulation and Performance analysis are shown at section 5 and 6. Finally Section 7 draws a conclusion to this paper. II. BACKGROUND STUDIES G.984.x Recommendations provide a typical GPON system model, which consists of optical line terminal (OLT), optical distribution network (ODN) and optical network unit (ONU)/ Optical network terminal (ONT). OLT is responsible for ONU/ONT upstream bandwidth allocation, and it is a central issue to allocate the bandwidth more reasonable [1]. I.Cale, A. Salihovic, M. Ivekovic [2] explained overview of Gigabit PON and analyses network architecture, transmission

mechanisms and power budget in GPON systems. But there is no idea regarding SDH connectivity. M. Leo, M. Trotta [3] mentioned an alternative solution based on Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM-PON) that seems to have more performances than GPON in terms of bandwidth allocation, scalability and capability of unbundling. There is no idea or on how wavelength should be optimum. Ricciardi, S.; Santos-Boada, G.; Careglio, D.; Domingo-Pascual, J [4] shown an analysis between Ethernet Point to Point (EP2P) and GPON connectivity. It just an analysis of GPON general architecture. It didn’t mentioned about complex architecture (like-SDH, data, voice and video connectivity) of GPON. J. Lee, I. Hwang, A. A.Nikoukar, and A. T.Liem [5] mentioned only for bandwidth allocation scheme for general triple play architecture, there should a scope for discussing SDH bandwidth allocation. S. Milanovic [6] explored an opportunity to adopt Passive Optical LANs (POLs), based on Gigabit Passive Optical Network technology (GPON), rather than continuing with use of traditional two- or three-tier switched Ethernet solution. Mostly focused on Passive optical LANs. H. Nusantara, F. Dairianta [7] analyzed the design of fiber access network systems using GEPON technology for HRB. GPON for HRB are designed to comply both for power budget and rise time budget standard. Mostly discussed with Splitting ratio for GPON system. E. J. C. González; M. E. Morocho Cayamcela [8] analyzed the integration of HSI, VoIP and IPTV services into the optical network owned by the National Telecommunications Corporation of Ecuador. It described a little bit regarding convergence of technology but it did not discussed about SDH network over GPON. M. Irfan, M. S. Qureshi, S. Zafar [9] explained an evaluation is performed of 2.5Gbps bi directional GPON based Fiber-ToThe-Home (FTTH) link using advanced modulation formats. Mostly described on mobile back haul network and a single wavelength and two wavelengths were used for triple-play services with different modulation schemes. A. Vesco, R. M. Scopigno, E. Masala [10] illustrated the advantages of TimeDivision Unbalanced Carrier Sense Multiple Access (TDuCSMA) in such a scenario compared to the Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA), currently provided by the IEEE 802.11 standard, in terms of both performance from the end user’s point of view and network resource utilization. There was an scope for discussing about SDH transmission system over GPON system. J. Frnda, M. Voznak, P. Fazio, J. Rozhon [11] worked with Network performance simulation and quality of triple play service in IP networks. Mostly worked with queuing policy and transmission speed of interface on routers on packet networks. T. Rokkas [12] explained the cost for the deployment of a PON FTTH network is calculated in terms of NPV, IRR and payback period. A comparison is made between three PON technologies: GPON, XGPON and NG-PON2. Different scenarios regarding population density and bitrates are examined. S. S. W. Lee; K. Y. Li; M. S. Wu [13] implemented all the OpenFlow functions including- packet forwarding, bandwidth metering, statistical data collection, and status reporting. The experimental results show that the GPON virtual switch can correctly perform all the functions defined in the OpenFlow 1.3 specification. There was an opportunity to work with SDH over GPON Network. But there are no clear idea about that. SDH connection through an optimum wavelength is important for

GPON connectivity which will enhance the GPON triple Play architecture and as well as performance will also increase. III. GPON SYSTEM GPON or Gigabit Passive Optical Network is an optical technology based on the industry standard ITU-TG.984x which was ratified in 2003. This technology was originally developed to provide high speed Ethernet services for residential and small business customers. It supports higher rates, enhanced security, and choice of Layer 2 protocol (ATM, GEM, and Ethernet). A passive optical network (PON) is a point-to-multipoint, fiber to the premises network architecture in which unpowered optical splitters are used to enable a single optical fiber to serve multiple premises, typically 16-128. A PON consists of an optical line terminal (OLT) at the service provider's central office and a number of optical network units (ONTs, ONUs) near end users. A PON reduces the amount of fiber and central office equipment required compared with point-to-point architectures. A passive optical network is a form of fiber-optic access network. GPON has a downstream capacity of 2.488 Gb/s and an upstream capacity of 1.244 Gbp/s that is shared among users. Encryption is used to keep each user's data secured and private from other users. Although there are other technologies that could provide fiber to the home, passive optical networks (PONs) like GPON are generally considered the strongest candidate for widespread deployments. It provides unprecedented bandwidth (shared by up to 128 premises), and a greater distance from a central office (20 to 40 kilometers), allowing service providers to enable bandwidth-intensive applications and establish a long-term strategic position in the broadband market. In downstream GPON do broadcast to all of Connected ONU/ONT. Enterprise GPON is also a carrier class technology that provides a high level of Quality of Service (QOS) 99.999% for those customers with mission-critical requirements. GPON manufactures are now working on devises that will allow up to 10Gbs on bandwidth. In Upstream GPON use TDMA. As a result, the a new standard known as G987 or also known at 10-PON has 10 Gbit/s downstream and 2.5 Gbit/s upstream – framing is “G-PON like” and designed to coexist with GPON devices on the same network. This is great news for data network managers looking for low-cost, high-bandwidth, networking technologies in order to keep up with the demands on data applications and growth including “cloud” services. By GPON Technology service provider could provide several service to its customers like- IP TV, Voice (VoIP), Video, Data Connectivity, Internet connectivity, value added service ( Online gaming, Social networking, Video on Demand etc) and other services. IV. COST CALCULATION Each switch increases the carbon footprint of the organization. The lesser the efficiency of the switch, the greater the footprint. According to PG&E, 0.524 pounds (lb) of carbon

dioxide (CO2) are emitted for every kWh of power consumed. A 100W switch running 24 hours a day emits close to 569 lb of CO2 every year. Such emissions increase the carbon footprint of an organization drastically. Thus, there exists a strong business and environmental need to study the power consumption of Ethernet switches. However an approximate cost calculation is given bellow for Ethernet Connectivity. TABLE 1: ETHERNET COST CALCULATION

Ethernet Connectivity Cost: Passive Device (Including Outside Planning) Particulars

Cost (USD)

TABLE 3: FTTH COST CALCULATION Access Network

Central Office

OSP – Fiber Optic

CPE

Total Cost

GPON

70.00 % ( Less )

92.00 % ( Less )

130.50 % ( Higher )

49.00 % ( Less )

FTTB (Fiber To The Building) connectivity scenarioFTTB (Fiber To The Building) connectivity scenario-

Descriptions

(Approximate)

5.00

20M Patch Cord Price

4.00 3.00

2.00

144 Port ODF: 700 USD 42U Open Rack: 106 USD. Considering 2U Price: 42.8. 1U for ODF and 1U for Switch Considering 244 Core Cable Average Distance OLT/ODF to Splitter: 4,000 Meter Underground Fiber Cost/Meter: USD 15.00 ( Consisting of 216 Core Fiber, Duct & Fiber Laying Cost) 24 Port ODF: 70 USD Considering pigtail and adapter 1U LDP Space: 20 USD

1.00

1U ODF Installation: 10 USD

Under Ground Fiber: CO to LDP

ODF Cost at LDP/Port LDP Space Cost/Port ODF Installation Cost/Port Per Connectivity Cost

280.00

2.00

297.00

The protection for PON is very important to increase reliability. Meanwhile, access network providers need to keep capital and operational expenditures (CAPEX and OPEX) low in order to be able to offer economical solutions for the customers. Thus, minimizing the cost for network protection while maintaining an acceptable level of connection availability is an important challenge for the current fiber access networks. An approximate cost calculation for GPON connectivity is given bellow-

TABLE 4: COST CALCULATION FOR FTTB CONNECTIVITY Access Network

Central Office

OSP – Fiber Optic

CPE

Total Cost

GPON

93.50 % ( Less )

98.95 % ( Less )

60 % ( Less )

88.50 % ( Less )

V. MODIFIED TRIPLE PLAY ARCHITECTURE The triple-play service is realized as a combination of data, voice, and video signals. The high-speed internet component is represented by a data link with 1.25 Gb/s downstream bandwidth. A traditional triple play architecture is like as bellow-

LDP

SW

OLT

OLT Chesis including dual Power Packet Switching and CPU Management 8-port GPON ports with SFP type line card 2 Port Gigabit Ethernet Unit PON SFP Module GE Uplink SFP Module

25 USD per Client Cost (1:32 Splitter)

2,000.00 7,500.00 70.00 300.00 100.00

Video BDB

ONT

Optical Fiber UTP Cable

FTTx per Client Cost (Including OSP) Unit Price (USD) ( Approximate) 1,400.00

Data

ONT

ISP

TABLE 2: FTTX COST CALCULATION Particulars

Voice

EDFA

Coaxial Cable

Figure 4: Traditional Triple Play Architecture

Instead of using EDFA combiner we could use MUX and direct modulated laser and could get the best performance for optimum wavelength.

20 USD per Client Cost (1:64 Splitter) ONT LDP

FTTH (Fiber To The Home) connectivity scenario-

MUX

OLT

ISP

BDB

ONT

Optical Fiber UTP Cable Coaxial Cable

Figure 2: FTTH Connectivity Structure

Voice Data Video

Splitter

Space Cost at CO

Figure 3: FTTB Connectivity Structure

Splitter

Patch Cord: Switch Port to LDP ODF Cost at CO

Figure 5: Enhanced Triple Play Architecture

VI. SIMULATION We have done the simulation by using OptSIM Simulation software. The simulation architecture has mainly two part, The OLT block and The ONT block. OLT block (Transmitter block) consists of Data/VOIP and Video components. The Data/VOIP transmitter modeled with pseudo-random data generator (PRBS), NRZ modulator driver, direct-modulated laser, and booster amplifier. The video component modeled as RF SCM (sub-currier multiplexed) link with only two tones (channels) for simplicity. The two channels we used are from standard NTSC analog CATV frequency plan - channel 2 and channel 78 at frequencies 55.25 MHz and 547.25 MHz, respectively. RF video transmitter consists of two Electrical Signal Generators, summer, direct-modulated laser, and preamplifier. Next, Data/Voice and Video signals are multiplexed at Multiplexer and launched into 20-km fiber span. Output from the fiber trunk goes through the 1:16 splitter and then to individual users. User’s ONT consists of splitter and data and video receivers. Data receiver configured with optical filter, PIN/TIA receiver, and BER Tester. The video signal receiver consists of optical filter, PIN/TIA receiver and electrical filters. The ONT block (Receiver block) can be represented as VOIP service (voice over IP, packet-switched protocol) and can be combined with data component in physical layer simulations. Finally, the video component can be represented as a RF video signal (traditional CATV) or as IPTV signal that also can be combined with data. To modify the traditional triple play service, we consider the former case with RF video link. To optimize the bandwidth in PON the transmission through the optical fiber path employs the CWDM technique with data/voice component transmitted at wavelengths in the range of 1480-1500 nm, and video within the 1550-1560 nm range. VII.

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

In first phase all voice, data and video signals are at same frequency and store the results and at second phase different signal combinations are simulated and results are stored. In first phase simulation there were no measurable outcome as there used same wavelength both for Data + voice and Video. There were different outcome at second phase simulation. Second phase Simulation was like bellowTABLE 5: SECOND PHASE SIMULATION WAVE LENGTH

Data+Voice 1310 1310 1490 1490 1550 1550

Video 1490 1550 1310 1550 1310 1490

After both phase simulation we got the best result for 20 Km distance. We got the 1490 nm wave length for data and voice and 1550 nm for video are given the best output signals.

Figure 6: Output Signal_ Video and Baseband Electrical Signal after Electrical filtering

Figure 7: Input and Output Signal_ Data+Voice

Figure 8: Output Eye Diagram and Baseband Signal_ Data+Voice

VIII.

CONCLUSIONS

Analyzing various case for several wave length for Data, voice and video, it is found that by using Direct modulated laser and an optical MUX instead of signal combiner (EDFA) 1490 nm wave length for Data+Voice and 1550 nm for Video are best for long distance triple play connectivity in terms of performance. To achieve the broadband targets set by the government under the National Telecom Policy, it will be important to drive FTTH growth along with other technologies. GPON, through the Generic Framing Procedure (GFP)-based adaptation method, offers a clear migration path for adding services onto the PON without disrupting existing equipment or altering the transport layer in any way. GPON Connectivity is more efficient then Ethernet connectivity. It is possible to provide 7/8 GPON Connectivity by the cost of one Ethernet connectivity. Quad play service (SDH, voice, video and data) is possible from single device. Industry based implantation could be future work.

REFERENCES [1] ITU-T Recommendation G.984.1, G.984.2, G.984.3, G.984.5, and G.984.6, Gigabit-capablepassive optical networks (GPON): General characteristics, Physical media dependent layer specification, Transmission convergence layer specification, Enhancement band, Reach extension (ex G.984.re-GPONoptical reach extension), 2003-2007. [2] I. Cale, A. Salihovic, M. Ivekovic; “Gigabit Passive Optical Network – GPON”, Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Information Technology Interfaces, Croatia, 25-28 June 2007. [3] Leo, M.; Trotta, M.,”Performance evaluation of WDM-PON RSOA based solutions in NGAN scenario ” , Proceedings of the 50th FITCE Congress (The Forum for European ICT & Media Professionals ), Italy, 31 August- 3 September 2011. [4] Ricciardi, S.; Santos-Boada, G.; Careglio, D.; Domingo-Pascual, J., “GPON and EP2P: A Techno-Economic Study”, Proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Networks and Optical Communications (NOC), Spain,20- 22 June 2012. [5] J. Lee, I. Hwang, A. A.Nikoukar, and A. T.Liem “Comprehensive Performance Assessment of Bipartition Upstream Bandwidth Assignment Schemes in GPON” . Journal of Optical Communications and Networking ,vol.: 5, no. 11, pp. 1285-1295, November 2013. [6] S. Milanovic, “Case Study for a GPON Deployment in the Enterprise Environment”, Journal of Networks, vol. 9, no. 1, pp-42-47, January 2014. [7] H. Nusantara, F. Dairianta; “Design and Analysis of FTTH - GEPON for High Rise Building”, Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems Services and Applications (TSSA), Indonesia, 23-24 October 2014. [8] E. J. C. González; M. E. Morocho Cayamcela; “Integration of a Tripleplay platform service to the GPON infrastructure of the National Telecommunications Corporation of Ecuador”, Proceedings of the Scientific and Technical Conference of the Andean Council of IEEE, Bolivia, 15-17 October 2014. [9] M. Irfan, M. S. Qureshi, S. Zafar; “Evaluation of Advanced Modulation Formats using Triple-Play Services in GPON Based FTTH”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Cloud Computing (ICCC),KSA, 27-28 April 2015. [10] A. Vesco, R. M. Scopigno, E. Masala; “TDuCSMA: Efficient Support for Triple-Play Services in Wireless Home Networks”, Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), UK, 8-12 June 2015. [11] J. Frnda, M. Voznak, P. Fazio, J. Rozhon; “Network Performance QoS Estimation”, Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP), Czech Republic, 9-11 July 2015. [12] T. Rokkas; “Techno economic analysis of PON architectures for FTTH deployments”, Proceedings of the Conference of Telecommunication, Media and Internet Techno-Economics (CTTE), Germany, 9-10 November 2015. [13] S. S. W. Lee; K. Y. Li; M. S. Wu; “Design and Implementation of a GPON-based Virtual Open Flow-enabled SDN Switch”, Journal of Lightwave Technology, issue: 99, pp:1, 2016. [3] H. Xie, T. Xiaodong, Z. Li, “An algorithm to implement dba of GPON”, Proc. SPIE 5626, Network Architectures, Management, and Applications II, 1173,vol.2 , no.6, pp. 58-59, February 28, 2005.

Output Signal Analysis at end user side Video_Data_Voice_1310 nm

After 1 KM Distance

After 10 KM Distance

Fig. Input Signal: Data+Voice and Video (1310 nm)

After 20 KM Distance After 20 for KMdifferent Distance distance (1490 nm) Fig. Output Signal: Data+Voice

Output Signal for Video: There is no output signal for Video as using same frequency both for data+Voice+ Video (1490).

Video_Data_Voice_1550 nm After 1 KM Distance

After 10 KM Distance

Fig. Input Signal: Data+Voice and Video (1550 nm)

After 20 KM Distance

Fig. Output Signal: Data+Voice for different distance (1310 nm) Output Signal for Video: There is no output signal for Video as using same frequency both for data+Voice+ Video (1310 nm).

Video_Data_Voice_1490 nm

After 1 KM Distance

After 10 KM Distance

After 20 KM Distance

Fig. Input Signal: Data+Voice and Video (1490 nm)

Fig. Output Signal: Data+Voice for different distance (1550 nm)

Video (1310 nm)_Data+Voice(1490 nm)

After 1 KM Distance

After 10 KM Distance

After 20 KM Distance

Fig. Output Signal: Video for different distance (1310 nm) Fig. Input Signal: Data+Voice (1490 nm) and Video (1310 nm)

After 1 KM Distance

After 10 KM Distance

After 20 KM Distance

Video (1550 nm)_Data+Voice(1490 nm)

Fig. Input Signal: Data+Voice (1490 nm) and Video (1550 nm)

Fig. Output Signal: Data+Voice for different distance (1490 nm)

After 1 KM Distance After 1 KM Distance

After 10 KM Distance

After 20 KM Distance

After 10 KM Distance

After 20 KM Distance

Fig. Output Signal: Data+Voice for different distance (1490 nm)

Fig. Output Signal: Video for different distance (1310 nm)

Video (1310 nm)_Data+Voice(1550 nm)

Fig. Output Signal: Video for different distance (1550 nm)

Eye Diagram Comparison

Fig. Input Signal: Data+Voice (1550 nm) and Video (1310 nm)

After 1 KM Distance

After 10 KM Distance

After 20 KM Distance

Fig. Output Signal: Data+Voice for different distance (1550 nm)

Fig. Eye Diagram Comparison for Different combination.

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